- Published on
Development and Validation of a Modular Sensor-Based System for Gait Analysis and Control in Lower-Limb Exoskeletons
- Authors
- Name
- Giorgos Marinou
- Name
- Ibrahima Kourouma
- Name
- Katja Mombaur
- Affiliation
- Institute of Computer Engineering (ZITI), Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Affiliation
- Institute for Anthropomatics and Robotics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany and Department of Systems Design Engineering and Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
With rapid advancements in exoskeleton hardware technologies, successful assessment and accurate control remain challenging. This study introduces a modular sensor-based system to enhance biomechanical evaluation and control in lower-limb exoskeletons, utilizing advanced sensor technologies and fuzzy logic. We aim to surpass the limitations of current biomechanical evaluation methods confined to laboratories and to address the high costs and complexity of exoskeleton control systems. The system integrates inertial measurement units, force-sensitive resistors, and load cells into instrumented crutches and 3D-printed insoles. These components function both independently and collectively to capture comprehensive biomechanical data, including the anteroposterior center of pressure and crutch ground reaction forces. This data is processed through a central unit using fuzzy logic algorithms for real-time gait phase estimation and exoskeleton control. Validation experiments with three participants, benchmarked against gold-standard motion capture and force plate technologies, demonstrate our system’s capability for reliable gait phase detection and precise biomechanical measurements. By offering our designs open-source and integrating cost-effective technologies, this study advances wearable robotics and promotes broader innovation and adoption in exoskeleton research.